AN INVESTIGATION INTO THE RESOURCES AVAILABLE FOR TEACHING CHEMISTRY IN SECONDARY SCHOOLS
ABSTRACT
This
study investigated the resources available for teaching chemistry in secondary
schools in Ikere local Government Area of Ekiti State.
study investigated the resources available for teaching chemistry in secondary
schools in Ikere local Government Area of Ekiti State.
Five
research questions were raised for this study.
Literature of various area of relevance to the study were reviewed. The population for the study were chemistry
teachers in the local Government Area,
chosen for the purpose of the study, sample of forty – four chemistry
teachers were selected across the local government, A twenty item questionnaire
was used to gather information for the study.
For the purpose of data analysis all the stated hypotheses were tested
at p -= 0.05 level of significance.
Using pearson product moment correlational analysis and chi square
goodness of fit methods of analysis.
research questions were raised for this study.
Literature of various area of relevance to the study were reviewed. The population for the study were chemistry
teachers in the local Government Area,
chosen for the purpose of the study, sample of forty – four chemistry
teachers were selected across the local government, A twenty item questionnaire
was used to gather information for the study.
For the purpose of data analysis all the stated hypotheses were tested
at p -= 0.05 level of significance.
Using pearson product moment correlational analysis and chi square
goodness of fit methods of analysis.
The
findings of the study revealed that most of the schools selected for the
research work have available resources but in many of them the resources
available are not adequate and the ones available are not adequately
maintained.
findings of the study revealed that most of the schools selected for the
research work have available resources but in many of them the resources
available are not adequate and the ones available are not adequately
maintained.
Recommendations
Based on the findings of this study,
the following recommendations were made:
the following recommendations were made:
1)
The
government should equip chemistry laboratories with adequate modern
resources/equipment.
The
government should equip chemistry laboratories with adequate modern
resources/equipment.
2)
The
Ministry of Education should organize seminars and workshops for teachers from
time to time.
The
Ministry of Education should organize seminars and workshops for teachers from
time to time.
3)
The
school administrators should make sure that chemistry laboratories is well
established.
The
school administrators should make sure that chemistry laboratories is well
established.
Suggestion for further studies.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title page
Certification
Dedication
Acknowledgements
Abstract
Table of contents
CHAPTER ONE
Background of the study
Statement of the Problem
Research Questions
Research Hypothesis
Significance of the study
Delimitation of the study
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
Resources for teaching chemistry in
secondary schools
secondary schools
The uses of resources for the
teaching of chemistry
teaching of chemistry
Effect of using resources for
teaching chemistry
teaching chemistry
Strategies for teaching chemistry
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODS
Research design
Population of the study
Sample and sampling techniques
Research Instrument
Validity and Reliability of the
instrument
instrument
Administration of instrument
Data Analysis
CHAPTER FOUR
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND
RECOMMENDATION 33
RECOMMENDATION 33
Summary
Conclusion
Recommendations
REFERENCES
APPENDICES
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
Background of the study
Interest
in chemistry is increasing in all the countries of the world. Each country is striving towards producing more
and better corps of chemists.
in chemistry is increasing in all the countries of the world. Each country is striving towards producing more
and better corps of chemists.
Chemistry
has lately assumed, the importance of the foundation of national power and
productivity. For a country like Nigeria
to produce future generation of competent chemist, it is necessary to form a
sound basis for science education in our youths by strengthening the teaching
of chemistry especially at secondary school level.
has lately assumed, the importance of the foundation of national power and
productivity. For a country like Nigeria
to produce future generation of competent chemist, it is necessary to form a
sound basis for science education in our youths by strengthening the teaching
of chemistry especially at secondary school level.
For sometimes now there have been a
movement away from chemistry to the extend that the proportion of secondary
school students studying chemistry as a subject in comparism with total numbers
of students studying arts and commercial subjects have been very low indeed.
movement away from chemistry to the extend that the proportion of secondary
school students studying chemistry as a subject in comparism with total numbers
of students studying arts and commercial subjects have been very low indeed.
However, this may be attributed to
many factors, among them are non – availability and improper use of the
available resources necessary for the teaching and learning of chemistry. Experts in the field of teaching and relevant
field have been finding the best way to make learning situation interesting,
stimulating and pleasurable.
many factors, among them are non – availability and improper use of the
available resources necessary for the teaching and learning of chemistry. Experts in the field of teaching and relevant
field have been finding the best way to make learning situation interesting,
stimulating and pleasurable.
Moreover, because of this, provisions
have been made by technologist in term of resources like audiovisual materials
which have helped to enhance teaching and learning situation, but there are
still some problems of these materials not being used by the teachers or
totally absent in the schools.
have been made by technologist in term of resources like audiovisual materials
which have helped to enhance teaching and learning situation, but there are
still some problems of these materials not being used by the teachers or
totally absent in the schools.
In the teaching of chemistry, the
resource play a key role in making learning effective. Seweje and Jegede (2012), “resources in
chemistry teaching play a key role in the design and use of systematic
instruction. Resources are defined as
materials that facilitate learning and make things clearer to the leaner and
aids teachers to impact knowledge effortlessly”. Such aid have sensory impact on the learners
and allow for better understanding.
resource play a key role in making learning effective. Seweje and Jegede (2012), “resources in
chemistry teaching play a key role in the design and use of systematic
instruction. Resources are defined as
materials that facilitate learning and make things clearer to the leaner and
aids teachers to impact knowledge effortlessly”. Such aid have sensory impact on the learners
and allow for better understanding.
In this sense resources in science
teaching are classified as follows:
teaching are classified as follows:
HUMAN RESOURCES:
The teachers, invited Guest speaker, qualified supporting staff e.g. laboratory
assistance and technologist.
The teachers, invited Guest speaker, qualified supporting staff e.g. laboratory
assistance and technologist.
NON – HUMAN RESOURCES: It is sub – divided into material resources and audio visual
resources. They are materials that appeal
to both sense of learning and sight.
They include real materials written and printed materials (Textbooks,
chalk, diagrams, teacher’s guide etc) and other physical facilities.
resources. They are materials that appeal
to both sense of learning and sight.
They include real materials written and printed materials (Textbooks,
chalk, diagrams, teacher’s guide etc) and other physical facilities.
The
resources are of a fact not teachers’ aid but pupils’ aid. They are aids to learning rather than to
teaching. They make more work for the teachers instead of making it
lighter. That is why few teachers use
them as they like.
resources are of a fact not teachers’ aid but pupils’ aid. They are aids to learning rather than to
teaching. They make more work for the teachers instead of making it
lighter. That is why few teachers use
them as they like.
Statement of the Problem
The
fall in the academic performance of students in chemistry in senior secondary
schools in Ikere local Government Area might not be unconnected with the
availability and utilization of educational resources in the teaching of the
subject. The following questions were
therefore raised for the study.
fall in the academic performance of students in chemistry in senior secondary
schools in Ikere local Government Area might not be unconnected with the
availability and utilization of educational resources in the teaching of the
subject. The following questions were
therefore raised for the study.
What relevant educational resources
are available for the teaching of chemistry and how adequate are they in Ikere
local Government?
are available for the teaching of chemistry and how adequate are they in Ikere
local Government?
How are these available resources
maintained? Also, to be examined are the attitude of the teachers to using
these available resources in teaching chemistry in Ikere local Government Area?
maintained? Also, to be examined are the attitude of the teachers to using
these available resources in teaching chemistry in Ikere local Government Area?
Research Questions
The following research Questions will
be critically examined in this study.
be critically examined in this study.
1)
Is
there any significant difference between the expected number of resources and
those available for chemistry teaching in secondary schools in Ikere local
government?
Is
there any significant difference between the expected number of resources and
those available for chemistry teaching in secondary schools in Ikere local
government?
2)
Is
there any significant relationship in the utilization of available resources
for the teaching of chemistry among male and female teachers?
Is
there any significant relationship in the utilization of available resources
for the teaching of chemistry among male and female teachers?
3)
Is
there any significant relationship in the utilization of available resources
for the teaching of chemistry among teachers with low, medium and high socio
economic status.
Is
there any significant relationship in the utilization of available resources
for the teaching of chemistry among teachers with low, medium and high socio
economic status.
4)
Is
there any significant relationship in the utilization of available resources
for teaching chemistry among graduate and non –graduate teachers in Ikere local
government?
Is
there any significant relationship in the utilization of available resources
for teaching chemistry among graduate and non –graduate teachers in Ikere local
government?
5)
Is
there any significant difference between the performance of students taught
with the available resources and those taught without resources in chemistry in
secondary schools in Ikere local government?
Is
there any significant difference between the performance of students taught
with the available resources and those taught without resources in chemistry in
secondary schools in Ikere local government?
Research Hypotheses
The
following null hypotheses will be tested at P = 0.05 level of significance in
this study.
following null hypotheses will be tested at P = 0.05 level of significance in
this study.
1)
There
is no significant difference between the expected number of resources and those
available for the teaching of chemistry in secondary schools in Ikere local
government?
There
is no significant difference between the expected number of resources and those
available for the teaching of chemistry in secondary schools in Ikere local
government?
2)
There
is no significant relationship in the utilization of available resources for
the teaching of chemistry among male and female teachers in secondary school in
Ikere local government.
There
is no significant relationship in the utilization of available resources for
the teaching of chemistry among male and female teachers in secondary school in
Ikere local government.
3)
There
is no significant relationship in the utilization of available resources for
the teaching of chemistry among teachers with low, medium and high social
economic status in secondary schools in Ikere local Government.
There
is no significant relationship in the utilization of available resources for
the teaching of chemistry among teachers with low, medium and high social
economic status in secondary schools in Ikere local Government.
4)
There
is no significant relationship in the utilization of available resources for
the teaching of chemistry among graduate and non – graduate teachers in
secondary schools in Ikere local government.
There
is no significant relationship in the utilization of available resources for
the teaching of chemistry among graduate and non – graduate teachers in
secondary schools in Ikere local government.
5)
There
is no significant difference between the performance of students taught with
the available resources and those taught without resources in chemistry in
secondary schools in Ikere local government area.
There
is no significant difference between the performance of students taught with
the available resources and those taught without resources in chemistry in
secondary schools in Ikere local government area.
Significance of the Study
It
will not be out of place if the investigation of the educational resources
available for the teaching of chemistry in secondary schools is given due
consideration.
will not be out of place if the investigation of the educational resources
available for the teaching of chemistry in secondary schools is given due
consideration.
Teachers
of chemistry would find the result of this study helpful to them. It would serve as a source of knowledge in
solving whatever problems that might be responsible for the poor performance of
students in chemistry as a result of inadequate availability of educational
resources.
of chemistry would find the result of this study helpful to them. It would serve as a source of knowledge in
solving whatever problems that might be responsible for the poor performance of
students in chemistry as a result of inadequate availability of educational
resources.
The
study is significant as it will go a long way to help the government, the
community and the parents to see more areas where assistance should be provided
for the school and teachers. Also, this
study will help the learners most especially in their academic pursuit; so that
their objective in passing chemistry and their choice of future career would
always be achieved.
study is significant as it will go a long way to help the government, the
community and the parents to see more areas where assistance should be provided
for the school and teachers. Also, this
study will help the learners most especially in their academic pursuit; so that
their objective in passing chemistry and their choice of future career would
always be achieved.
Potential
researchers would also find the result useful to them and would serve as
stepping stone for further research studies.
researchers would also find the result useful to them and would serve as
stepping stone for further research studies.
Delimitation of the study
This
study is restricted to only eleven secondary schools in Ikere local government
area of Ekiti State.
study is restricted to only eleven secondary schools in Ikere local government
area of Ekiti State.
The
schools are:
schools are:
Eleyo High School Ikere – Ekiti
Bobas High School Ikere – Ekiti
Ajolagun High School Ikere – Ekiti
Demonstration Staff School Ikere –
Ekiti
Ekiti
Ekiti State Government College Ikere
– Ekiti
– Ekiti
St Louis Grammar School Ikere – Ekiti
Annunciation Grammar School Ikere –
Ekiti
Ekiti
African Comprehensive High School
Ikere – Ekiti
Ikere – Ekiti
Amoye Grammar School Ikere – Ekiti
Irepodun Community High School Ikere
– Ekiti
– Ekiti
Ikere High School Ikere – Ekiti
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