ABSTRACT
The educational system has
for long had serious hit from examination malpractice and this has brought into
focus the need to tackle this issues in order of findings ways to eradicate
such problems in the light of the above the study looked at examination
malpractices in college of Education Ikere with the view to achieve the
following objectives.
for long had serious hit from examination malpractice and this has brought into
focus the need to tackle this issues in order of findings ways to eradicate
such problems in the light of the above the study looked at examination
malpractices in college of Education Ikere with the view to achieve the
following objectives.
1.
To find out the causes of examination
malpractice in the college.
To find out the causes of examination
malpractice in the college.
2.
To find out the various means by
which students use to cheat during examination
To find out the various means by
which students use to cheat during examination
3.
To investigate the effect of
examination malpractice to both the students and educational system in general
To investigate the effect of
examination malpractice to both the students and educational system in general
4.
To profound possible solutions, which
could be use to eradicate the problem of examination malpractice.
To profound possible solutions, which
could be use to eradicate the problem of examination malpractice.
To achieve these objectives the problem of examination malpractice. To
achieve these objectives the survey method was used for data collection, we
used questionnaire to elicit information from chose school students, the result
of the data analysis showed that the main causes of examination malpractice is
the strong desire to acquire a certificate well labeled and most parents
encourage them on it and the method commonly used is spying and copying of
answers to examination questions from fellow students and examination
malpractices has brought disastrous effect on students and the educational
system in Nigeria and finally, some measure to adopt in eradicating this
problems is:
achieve these objectives the survey method was used for data collection, we
used questionnaire to elicit information from chose school students, the result
of the data analysis showed that the main causes of examination malpractice is
the strong desire to acquire a certificate well labeled and most parents
encourage them on it and the method commonly used is spying and copying of
answers to examination questions from fellow students and examination
malpractices has brought disastrous effect on students and the educational
system in Nigeria and finally, some measure to adopt in eradicating this
problems is:
1.
Punishing students or whoever is
involved in the act.
Punishing students or whoever is
involved in the act.
2.
Spacing of students in the hall
Spacing of students in the hall
3.
Higher payment and regular payment of
salaries to supervisors and lecturers
Higher payment and regular payment of
salaries to supervisors and lecturers
TABLE OF CONTENT
CHAPTER ONE
Background of the study
Statement of the problem
Purpose of the study
Significance of the study
Scope of the study
Limitation of the study
Research questions
Definition of terms
CHAPTER TWO
Literature review
CHAPTER THREE
Research instrument
Population
Sample
CHAPTER FOUR
Data analysis
CHAPTER FIVE
Summary
Recommendation
Conclusion
REFERENCE
QUESTIONNAIRE
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND OF
THE STUDY
Education is the development of an individual through
training, transmission of what is worthwhile to the point that he is able to
fit into his environment and contribute to the best of his ability for the
wellbeing of the society. Our educational system uses examination to grade
students in internal and external examinations in Nigeria. However,
examinations are known to play very important roles in our educational system.
They are used for academic stratification or for assigning grades to students
in secondary schools and other institutions of learning. A students with a
distinction all through in certificate examination will be regarded by those
around him as academically precious. He is also likely to have a place in
institution of higher learning or in job situation within the society than a
child with a mere pass or a failure. All these conditions have combine to
influence a student’s attitude to an examination malpractice
Olayinka (1993) defined examination malpractice as any
misconduct or improper practice in any examination with a view to obtaining
good results through fraudulent action. Daramola and Oluyeba (1992) define
examination malpractice as an irregular behaviour exhibited by candidates or
anybody charged with the conduct of examination in or outside the examination
hall before, during or after such examinations. Shonekan (1996) sees it as
irregularities which are premediated and perpetuated by the candidates or their
agents with the intention of gaining undue advantages in the examination.
Investigations conducted by the
national concord of Tuesday June, 1998 revealed how teachers help students to
engage in examination malpractice, by coaching them before examination and the
changing of incorrect answers afterwards. This trend according to the report is
being used by the schools involved to improve their position in the performance
tables, which have become a key indicator for parents choosing a school for
their children. Examination malpractices renders certificates issued by
examination bodies unreliable. The examination bodies lose finally, manpower in
their bid to overcome examination malpractice. In view of the adverse effects
that examination malpractices have on the educational system, it became
necessary to critically examine it. At what stage do examination malpractice
occur, what are their impact on the students themselves and on education
standards?
national concord of Tuesday June, 1998 revealed how teachers help students to
engage in examination malpractice, by coaching them before examination and the
changing of incorrect answers afterwards. This trend according to the report is
being used by the schools involved to improve their position in the performance
tables, which have become a key indicator for parents choosing a school for
their children. Examination malpractices renders certificates issued by
examination bodies unreliable. The examination bodies lose finally, manpower in
their bid to overcome examination malpractice. In view of the adverse effects
that examination malpractices have on the educational system, it became
necessary to critically examine it. At what stage do examination malpractice
occur, what are their impact on the students themselves and on education
standards?
Malpractices according to the advance
oxford learners dictionary is wrong doing, neglect to duty. According to Nwana
(1999) examination malpractices could be defined as behaviour contrary to a set
of expected code of conduct or contrary to a set of ethic and norms exhibited
in the course of examination by persons or group of persons.
oxford learners dictionary is wrong doing, neglect to duty. According to Nwana
(1999) examination malpractices could be defined as behaviour contrary to a set
of expected code of conduct or contrary to a set of ethic and norms exhibited
in the course of examination by persons or group of persons.
The
definition makes it clear that examination malpractice is not only illegal but
its effect degrading and devastating. Mavan (1991) stated that in recent years
the rampant occurrence of examination malpractices in several institution of
learning in Nigeria have become a matter of concern to all. This statement
denote that the rate at which candidates indulge in examination malpractice,
examination leakage, impersonation, copying and certificate forging is alarming
and it put the examination and the country as a sole in an embarrassing
position, because it under estimate the quality of our educational system. The
origin of examination malpractice can be traced back to (1914) when senior
Cambridge local examination leaked. This was thirty-eight years before West
Africa Examination Council was established in the primary school cheating and
alternation of marks are quite for common malpractice is even more evident in
the West Africa Examination Council (WAEC), JAMB and other examination
conducted by the federal ministry of education. Mark (1991) reported that the
above fact was responsible for the 1987 decision by the federal ministry of
education professor Jubril Aminu Mayah (1991) states that the registrar indicated
the examination malpractices constitution is one of the biggest problems facing
the boards.
definition makes it clear that examination malpractice is not only illegal but
its effect degrading and devastating. Mavan (1991) stated that in recent years
the rampant occurrence of examination malpractices in several institution of
learning in Nigeria have become a matter of concern to all. This statement
denote that the rate at which candidates indulge in examination malpractice,
examination leakage, impersonation, copying and certificate forging is alarming
and it put the examination and the country as a sole in an embarrassing
position, because it under estimate the quality of our educational system. The
origin of examination malpractice can be traced back to (1914) when senior
Cambridge local examination leaked. This was thirty-eight years before West
Africa Examination Council was established in the primary school cheating and
alternation of marks are quite for common malpractice is even more evident in
the West Africa Examination Council (WAEC), JAMB and other examination
conducted by the federal ministry of education. Mark (1991) reported that the
above fact was responsible for the 1987 decision by the federal ministry of
education professor Jubril Aminu Mayah (1991) states that the registrar indicated
the examination malpractices constitution is one of the biggest problems facing
the boards.
He
expressed disappointment at the way candidates despite efforts that have been
made by school admission examination bodies and the government in terms of disciplinary
measure in order to curb examination malpractice.
expressed disappointment at the way candidates despite efforts that have been
made by school admission examination bodies and the government in terms of disciplinary
measure in order to curb examination malpractice.
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
Examination
malpractice has long been ion existence in our society and have been taken by
different investigation on the subject and in-spite of these. Examination
malpractice still thrives in our educational system. Despite the disastrous
effect it has students, parents, educational system but the society at large,
like
malpractice has long been ion existence in our society and have been taken by
different investigation on the subject and in-spite of these. Examination
malpractice still thrives in our educational system. Despite the disastrous
effect it has students, parents, educational system but the society at large,
like
a.
Cancellation
of results
Cancellation
of results
b.
Lowering
of standard when under serving students are allowed in posses requiring high
standard of performance.
Lowering
of standard when under serving students are allowed in posses requiring high
standard of performance.
c.
Lack
of motivation or incentive to read hard in order to be successful in
examination.
Lack
of motivation or incentive to read hard in order to be successful in
examination.
d.
Promote
laziness and laxity in schools where by students do not read their books with
what have been taught.
Promote
laziness and laxity in schools where by students do not read their books with
what have been taught.
It is the purpose of this research to
inquire deeply into the causes of examination malpractice and find possible
solution in order to eradicate this act from the educational system and the
nation in general.
inquire deeply into the causes of examination malpractice and find possible
solution in order to eradicate this act from the educational system and the
nation in general.
PURPOSE OF THE STUDY
In
the course of the study the project researcher will attempt to achieve the
following objectives.
the course of the study the project researcher will attempt to achieve the
following objectives.
1.
To
find out the factor responsible for examination malpractices in College of
Education, Ikere
To
find out the factor responsible for examination malpractices in College of
Education, Ikere
2.
To
examine the people involved in examination malpractice.
To
examine the people involved in examination malpractice.
3.
To
suggest possible solution to the problem of examination malpractices in college
of education and the various schools that make up the college.
To
suggest possible solution to the problem of examination malpractices in college
of education and the various schools that make up the college.
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
The
study intends to find out the factors that are responsible for examination
malpractice and also some possible measure to eradicate it. It will help us to
shift emphasis from paper qualification on job to experience by policy making
those who plan the curriculum in Nigeria will be aware of the loophole and try
to fill them up. It will also furnish the school of science school of
vocational and other school in college of education and the state ministry of
education with information and new ideas concerning examination malpractices.
study intends to find out the factors that are responsible for examination
malpractice and also some possible measure to eradicate it. It will help us to
shift emphasis from paper qualification on job to experience by policy making
those who plan the curriculum in Nigeria will be aware of the loophole and try
to fill them up. It will also furnish the school of science school of
vocational and other school in college of education and the state ministry of
education with information and new ideas concerning examination malpractices.
It
will also help such organization as the Nigeria national council in the areas
of examination malpractices.
will also help such organization as the Nigeria national council in the areas
of examination malpractices.
SCOPE OF THE STUDY
The
study intends to find out the causes and some possible solution to examination
malpractice in College of Education Ikere. The study is restricted to the
college of education using the students, academic and non-academic staffs. The
study will involve 10 academic staffs, 10 non academic staffs and one hundred
students drawn from each of the department in the school.
study intends to find out the causes and some possible solution to examination
malpractice in College of Education Ikere. The study is restricted to the
college of education using the students, academic and non-academic staffs. The
study will involve 10 academic staffs, 10 non academic staffs and one hundred
students drawn from each of the department in the school.
LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
The
study is limited to the School of Education, Science, Vocational and Technical
Education and Languages as a basic for drawing conclusion to all school
participating in examination in Edo State let alone that of the federal
republic of Nigeria in general. Therefore, the findings may not necessary be generalized
to all school in Nigeria. It represents the difficulties encountered by the
various schools in the college of education.
study is limited to the School of Education, Science, Vocational and Technical
Education and Languages as a basic for drawing conclusion to all school
participating in examination in Edo State let alone that of the federal
republic of Nigeria in general. Therefore, the findings may not necessary be generalized
to all school in Nigeria. It represents the difficulties encountered by the
various schools in the college of education.
RESEARCH QUESTION
The
study is guided by the following questions:
study is guided by the following questions:
1.
There
is no significant influence of examination malpractice in lecturers attitude to
learning in state institution
There
is no significant influence of examination malpractice in lecturers attitude to
learning in state institution
2.
There
is no significant influence of examination malpractice in lecturers attitude to
learning in federal institution
There
is no significant influence of examination malpractice in lecturers attitude to
learning in federal institution
3.
There
is no significant influence of examination malpractice in learners/ student
attitudes in state institution.
There
is no significant influence of examination malpractice in learners/ student
attitudes in state institution.
4.
There
is no significant influence of examination malpractice in learners/ student
attitudes in federal institution.
There
is no significant influence of examination malpractice in learners/ student
attitudes in federal institution.
DEFINITION OF TERMS
Examination: examination could be define as a
process of testing of knowledge or ability of an individual in mathematics
questions, papers or oral inquiry into an inspection of some thing, or on a
botanical specimen, and of business account and of one eyes questioning by a
lawyer in a law court and of a witness.
process of testing of knowledge or ability of an individual in mathematics
questions, papers or oral inquiry into an inspection of some thing, or on a
botanical specimen, and of business account and of one eyes questioning by a
lawyer in a law court and of a witness.
Examination malpractice: could be defined as a process,
whereby students by cheating in examination hall, in order for them to be able
to gain what they want. They cheat by writing in piece of paper, writing in
their palm and other part of their body.
whereby students by cheating in examination hall, in order for them to be able
to gain what they want. They cheat by writing in piece of paper, writing in
their palm and other part of their body.
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