THE CHALLENGES FACING NIGERIAN BROADCAST MEDIA IN THE NEW MILLENIUM. A CASE STUDY OF FEDERAL RADIO COROPRATION OF NIGERIA (FRCN)

THE CHALLENGES FACING NIGERIAN BROADCAST MEDIA IN THE NEW MILLENIUM. A CASE STUDY OF FEDERAL RADIO COROPRATION OF NIGERIA (FRCN)
ABSTRACT
This research work dealt on the challenges facing Nigeria broadcast media (a case study of FRCN).
Chapter
one of the projects provided background information on the problems of
the study due to technological backwardness of the Nigeria media. The
research sincerely delved into the danger of making Nigeria
technological dumping grounds. This chapter outlined the objectives of
the study with a view to enhancing the technological development of
Nigeria media to the challenges for this twenty first century. One of
the high points of this chapter was the significant of the research
during which it was found out that there is a great need for Nigeria to
develop media technology which would enable the country over come the
challenges of this new millennium. Another aspect of the study
adequately addressed in this project were the research questions and the
research hypothesis as well as the scope of the study.
Chapter
two of this project had an in-depth discussion on the literary work
which the researcher was exposed to and their sources. Such literature
reviews laid credence to the point raised and marshaled by the
researcher to arrive at his conclusions and subsequent recommendations.
It prayed the vast knowledge and various empirical opinions held by
authorities in Mass communication and related sciences as well as
technology as regard to the challenges of the new millennium.
Chapter
three of this project discussed the methodology and research design,
samples and measuring instruments used in the collection and analysis of
data. All these stages led to the results which were expected from the
research.
Chapter four analysed the data collected from the field
work. These data were interpreted for better understanding and logical
conclusions based on the field work after the project.
Chapter
five which eventually in the conclusion chapter of this research
summarized the entire work by drawing certain conclusions in lure with
the findings. The chapter made some recommendations on how to ameliorate
the difficulties militating against the challenges of the Nigeria
broadcast media in this new millennium. Under this chapter, the
references, an outline of names and works of authors quoted as
authorities and appendix in the research was laid out.
TABLE OF CONTENT
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE RESEARCH PROBLEM
1.3 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
1.4 SIGNIFICANT OF THE STUDY
1.5 RESEARCH QUESTION
1.6 RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS
1.7 CONCEPTUAL AND OPERATIONAL DEFINITION
1.8 ASSUMPTIONS
1.9 LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
CHAPTER TWO
REVIEW OF LITERATURE
2.1 SOURCES OF LITERATURE
2.2 THE REVIEW
2.3 SUMMARY OF LITERATURE REVIEW
CHAPTER THREE
METHODOLOGY
3.1 RESEARCH METHOD
3.2 RESEARCH DESIGN
3.3 RESEARCH SAMPLE
3.4 MEASURING INSTRUMENT
3.5 DATA COLLECTION
3.6 DATA ANALYSIS
3.7 EXPECTED RESULTS
CHAPTER FOUR
DATA ANLYSIS AND RESULTS
4.1 DATA ANALYSIS
4.2 RESULTS
4.3 DISCUSSION
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY
RECOMMENDATION FOR FURTHER STUDY
REFERENCES
APPENDICES
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
This
academic research work is aimed to examine all the problems that
confronted the Nigeria broadcast media in the last century. The major
concern is to propose strategies and recommendations capable of
repositioning and re arranging the Nigeria broadcast sector as regard to
the federal radio corporation of Nigeria (FRCN). It will reveal a
comprehensive study of the operations of FRCN with its zonal
organization at Gwagwalada, Enugu, Ibandan, Kaduna and Lagos state. But
the study should be limited to FRCN Enugu for easy research.
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
The
first studio of the radio distribution system was set up in Lagos at
the Glover memorial hall in 1935. Between 1939 and 1949, other studios
were commissioned in Ibadan, Kano, Kaduna, Enugu, Abeokuta, ijebu-ode,
Jos, Zaria, calabar and Port Harcourt. They were mainly relay stations
from which waved boxes that carried the BBC’s program were extended to
the few privileged homes and some community listening centers in the
growing urban areas.
Perhaps, it is on record that the first
official broadcasting on radio in Nigeria was made by the then governor
of Nigeria, Sir Hugh McPherson in may 1949. From then on, radio grew
rapidly leading to the establishment of the Nigerian broadcasting
service (NBS) the precursor of today’s (FRCN) in 1951. The new service
identified itself on air as “radio Nigeria” matters progressed so well
in this new enterprise area that by 1956 a bill was passed in the house
of representative, for the setting up of a Nigerian broadcasting
corporation as successor to NBS.
It is instructive that the reason
given from the change of station was in order to remove press criticism
that the Nigerian broadcasting service (NBS) is an organ of the
Nigerian government.
Thus, even a colonial government was taking
the trouble to create a social institution and endow it with the
properties of a public trust rather than maintain it as the “voice” of
government. This is stations that no government Nigeria (civilian or
military) has had the wisdom or courage to confer on present democratic
dispensation. That state sub listed more or less until immediately after
independence when first signs of governments intention to appropriate
the service of the organization to its interest began to appear in the
form of the Nigerian broadcasting corporation (NBS) amendment act of
1961.
THE FEDERAL RADIO CORPORATION OF NIGERIA (FRCN)-The coming
of the FRCN was one of the four great turning points in the history of
the radio broadcasting industry in Nigeria. The first was the
establishment of Nigerian broadcasting service. Then, came the founding
of the regional government owned station second place followed by the
creation of the federal radio corporation in 1978-1979. the fourth
landment event was the degeneration of the air waves in 1992.
With
the creation of states in 1967 and successful conclusion of the civil
war, radio Nigerian expanded exponentially as broadcast studios and
transmitters were built in every state capital to connect to the federal
broadcasting grid. However, all of that was to change when the federal
government decided on a far reaching re organization of radio
broadcasting. The NBS was directed to hand over all the new stations it
had established in the states to the respective state government and
revert to something of the old status quo. The original stations in
Lagos, Ibadan and Enugu were then merged with the old northern Nigerian
government owned station, the BCNN (also known as radio kaduna.) to form
the new FRCN. The new organization was still to be known as radio
Nigeria. In time a station was opened in the new federal capital in
Abuja. The five statioopns (Abuja, Lagos, Enugu, kaduna and ibadan) each
transmitting on short wave, medium wave and now on frequency modulated
wave band which today make up the federal radio corporation of Nigeria
network African’s largest radio network.
FRCN in this millennium
is charged to work immediately with a will to tackle the many sided and
daunting challenges of returning the corporation to it’s rightful place
of centrality in the governance process and in the lives of the ordinary
people of Nigeria as well as the recognition in the realm of world
leading broadcast media like CNN, BBC, VOA, and radio France.
Today
with clear signals emanating from Abuja and other national stations,
radio Nigeria is proudly the network of the millennium and truly the
largest radio network in Africa.
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE RESEARCH PROBLEM
The
problem under investigation is the challenges facing Nigerian broadcast
media in the new millennium. As regard to the federal radio corporation
of Nigeria.(FRCN)
The study will examine how these challenges
affect the Nigerian broadcast media in the gathering and dissemination
of information. It will also reveal all the impediments that lead to
ineffective coverage’s of the Nigeria broadcast media as regard to the
FRCN.
1.3 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
The major objective of the
study is to process strategies and recommendation for repositioning and
re engineering the corporation as a more dynamic, responsive and
effective corporation in this new millennium. Equally, to be more
efficient and competitive as a broadcasting institution capable of
generating higher recognition in the realm of international broadcasting
and world press.
The study will aim to ascertain how the
challenges affect FRCN broadcast coverages and the placement of their
performance in the realm of world press.
To find out how FRCN compete with foreign broadcasting media like BBC, VOA, CNN and radio France.
To discover whether the FRCN broadcasting differs with the leading world press.
To
discover whether the discrepancy can be attributed to lack of
professional journalist, obsolete equipment and government broadcasting
policies well as political interference in Nigerian governance.
1.4 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
Obviously,
the Nigerian broadcast media in the last century could be assessed to
have lived reality for shadow, in terms of performance. They have
nothing to reckon with due to certain factors.
This study will
explore the need for the Nigerian broadcast media to rise up with the
jet, modern or supersonic and digitals equipment used by the advanced
foreign media i.e. BBC, VOA, CNN and radio France.
The study will
make FRCN to call for effective repositioning and reengineering of the
corporation. It will portray the need for FRCN to move into the
technological no how that pervade the effective coverage and
broadcasting. This will call for the need to move in line with the new
generation radio broadcasting equipment available in the market and the
need for adequate workforce.
In re engineering FRCN, the
researcher observed that there is need to toss aside old systems used in
the dark or mediaeval stage of the last century broadcasting and
coverages, which involves going back to the beginning and re inventing a
better ways of doing things effectiveness, today and tomorrow. This
means that FRCN and it’s challenges in the new millennium is expected to
overcome the deficit budgeting, abysmal audience apathy, changing
technology signals and rising from the deep insensitivity to staff
welfare, moral and other personnel policy as well as due recognition in
the world leading broadcasting media BBC, VOA, CNN and radio France”.
More
importantly the study will require a change in Nigerian broad casting
media enabled by information and communication technology.
1.5 RESEARCH QUESTIONS
This study is guided by the following questions:
1. Is FRCN facing problems of digital equipments?
2. Do the challenges in technology facing FRCN in this new millennium affect their coverages and broadcasting?
3. Does FRCN programs measured with the western broadcasting?
4. Does the turbulence years in Nigeria affect the repositioning and re engineering of FRCN in this new millennium?
1.6 RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS
In
attempts to investigate the challenges facing FRCN in this new
millennium and the various strategies and forms of overcoming the
problems, the following hypothesis has been put in place:
H1 FRCN in this new millennium face digital coverages and broadcast problem.
H0 FRCN in this new millennium does not face digital coverage or broadcast problem
H2 the challenges facing FRCN in this new millennium affect the organization on its coveraged and broadcasting.
H0 the challenges facing FRCN in this new millennium does not affect the corporation on its coverages and broadcasting.
H3 the performance of FRCN in this new millennium can not be measured with the world leading broadcast media.
H0 the performance of FRCN in this new millennium can be measured with that of world leading broadcast media.
H4 political interference hamper and hinder the repositioning and re engineering of the corporation.
H0 political interference does not hamper or hinder the repositioning and re engineering of the corporation.
1.7 CONCEPTUAL AND OPERATIONAL DEFINITIONS
CONCEPTUAL DEFINITION
Challenges
Those questions or problems that hindered and harmed the Nigerian
broadcast media as regard to FRCN in the new millennium. I.e. political,
social economic and technological problems
broad casting- The
systematic dissemination of entertainment, information, education and
other features for simultaneous reception by a scattered audience
individually or in groups with appropriate receiving apparatus or
broadcasting is the transmission of radio and T.V programs intended for
the general public reception as distinguished from private signals
directed to specific receiver’s.
Millennium- This is how far and
future of FRCN in coverage and broadcasting for the last decade “ 100
years ago hence, the expected performance of FRCN in this 21st century
as regard to the digital broadcast technology.
Coverage- This means the extend of FRCN in reporting both national and international events.
OPERATIONAL DEFINITION
Challenges-
Those things FRCN need, to have a more dynamic, responsive and
effective coverage and broad casting globally. To be recognized in the
global village.
Technology- That is FRCN to more for the growth
and development of modern and supersonic equipment. Hence to too aside
the adapted and analogue broadcast equipment and imbibe the use of
digital equip0ment.
Re position- That is breaking up bureaucracy
having positive changes in political, social, economic and technological
improvement.
Coverage- The extent of FRCN audience coverage in
Nigeria and the need to cover the rest of the world like BBC, VOA, CNN
and radio France international, nigerian launched it’s satellites
CNN- Cable news network
BBC- British broadcasting corporation
VOA- Voice of America.
1.8 ASSUMPTIONS
It
is assume that after this study federal radio cooperation of Nigeria
(FRCN) should have the strategies to reposition and re engineer the
corporation as a more dynamic responsive and effective corporation. This
is because the study explores the need for socio, political change and
the need for digitall and supersonics equipment to Nigeria broadcast
media. It also affirms the need for FRCN recognition in the realm of
world lending broadcasting media.

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