IMPACT OF ELECTRONIC LEARNING IN TEACHING AND LEARNING IN TERTIARY INSTITUTION


IMPACT OF ELECTRONIC LEARNING IN TEACHING AND LEARNING IN TERTIARY INSTITUTION


CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
Background to the Study
E-learning refers to the use
of various kinds of electronic media and information and communication
technologies (ICT) in education. E-learning is an inclusive terminology that
encompasses all forms of educational technology that electronically or technologically
support learning and teaching. Depending on whether a particular aspect,
component or delivery method is given emphasis, e-learning may be termed
technology-enhanced learning (TEL), computer-based training (CBT),
internet-based training (IBT), web-based training (WBT), online education,
virtual education, or digital educational collaboration.
E-learning includes numerous
types of media that deliver text, audio, images, animation, and streaming
video, and includes technology applications and processes such as audio or
video tape, satellite TV, CD-ROM, and computer-based learning, as well as local
intranet/extranet and web-based learning. Information and communication
systems, whether free-standing or based on either local networks or the
Internet in networked learning, underlay many e-learning processes.
E-learning can occur in or
out of the classroom. It can be self-paced, asynchronous learning or may be
instructor-led, synchronous learning. E-learning is suited to distance learning
and flexible learning, but it can also be used in conjunction with face-to-face
teaching, in which case the term blended learning is commonly used.
It is commonly thought that new
technologies make a big difference in education. Many proponents of e-learning
believe that everyone must be equipped with basic knowledge of technology, as
well as use it as a medium to reach educational goal.
E-learning is an inclusive
terminology for all forms of educational technology that electronically or
technologically support learning and teaching. Bernard Luskin advocates that
the “e” should be interpreted to mean “exciting, energetic,
enthusiastic, emotional, extended, excellent, and educational” in addition
to “electronic.” This broad interpretation focuses on new
applications and developments, and also brings learning and media psychology
into consideration.
The worldwide e-learning
industry was estimated to be over $48 billion in 2000 according to conservative
estimates. Developments in internet and multimedia technologies are the basic
enabler of e-learning, with consulting, content, technologies, services and
support being identified as the five key sectors of the e-learning industry.
Information and communication technologies (ICT) are used extensively by young
people.
E-learning has given people in
college accessibility to data and information, this can improve interactions
between students and their instructors for their classes, this can allow
students with tools which they can use for different purposes and use
independently supports problem base actions. There are also ways that it can
deter people from actually learning as pointed out, it may make it easier to
chat taking someone away from learning and into talking to someone through Face
book it also gives them the ability to cheat through online test and quizzes
having the ability to look for the answer using Google it always a possibility.
This also can give tech-savvy students an advantage over non-technical
students. Over all e-learning through technology will most likely be seen more
and more in today’s college environment. Approaches to e-learning require a
focus on students providing them with tools to support their shared activities
and problem based activities
Information and Communication
Technology (ICT) has been generally adopted by all levels of education in the
country today, as a delivery system of imparting knowledge into students. All
branches of education have accepted this emergent technology as a veritable
tool for education services delivery. Due to its importance, tertiary
institution has to align itself with this emergent Information and
Communication Technology. This is necessary because according to UNESCO (2011)
ICT more than any other technology provides teachers and students access to
vast stores of knowledge beyond the school, as well as with multi-media tool to
add to this store of knowledge. The huge growth of computers, the internet and
other electronic devices provide global opportunities for education, especially
for learning outside the premises of the school (Ngwoke, 2011). They are
powerful tools for the development of quality teaching and effective learning.
They are also catalysts for radical change in existing school practices and
European Journal of Educational Studies veritable vehicle for service delivery
in Tertiary Institutions. They have facilitated quick delivery of learning and
dissemination of knowledge and information in a way that were not previously
possible.
The recognition of these facts, has
led to the Federal Government of Nigeria to instruct the National Policy on
Education (2004) to set standards, regulate framework for the deployment of ICT
infrastructure at all levels of education in Nigeria. The federal government
urged the state government to adopt the National Policy on Computer Education
of 1998 which has its objectives as to encourage teachers to develop a sense of
rapport with computer and appreciate its potentials for solving teaching and
learning challenges and to entrench computer culture that permeates all activities
in institutions of learning (Adeosun, 2010).
The adoption of this has led to the
shift from traditional methods of face-to-face classroom environment in
teaching to an environment where technology is significant component of the
overall infrastructure, skills and credentials of teachers and learners for the
purpose of collaborative and on-line activities (Jone and Sims, 2002).  E-learning as ICT tool has become the most
acceptable method of effective educational service delivery in the recent
times. E-learning packages are many and varied. The assessment therefore will
be based on whether the institutions in Nigeria education teachers use of
e-learning packages in teaching; do they have both computer and web competences
to apply the packages and what challenges do they encounter in utilizing these
devices. But, before delving into answering these questions, the term
E-learning will be defined.
E-learning
simply means Electronic learning. E-learning as a product of internet has been
variously defined. It comprises all forms of electronically supported learning
and teaching. It is to the brick wall classroom learning, what mobile phone is
to fixed analog. While brick wall classroom is situated at a place where
students and teachers meet and interact face-to-face, e-learning takes place
anywhere, anytime, without face-to-face interaction. It involves the use of
network technologies to create, foster, deliver and facilitate learning.
AlsoUgwuoke (2011), added that it encompasses face-to-face, distance, mixed and
blended delivery models that utilizes electronic means. According to Hedge and
Haward (2004), e-learning is an innovative approach for delivering
electronically mediated, well-designed, leaner-centred and interactive learning
environment to anyone, anytime and anyplace by utilizing the internet and
digital technologies in concern with instructional design principles.
Statement of the Problem
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Purpose of the Study
The purpose of the study is to
determine E-learning and teaching effectiveness tertiary institution in
Nigeria.
The specific objectives are;
 To facilitate the development of information
technology, to reveal the use and technology of wireless network to the user.
To provide alternative way
of attaining education, and to implement a system which reduce examination mal-
practice
Research Questions
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Research
Hypotheses
           For the purpose of meaningful research, the
following hypothesis will be tested.
Hypothesis
I
Ho:    There is no significant effect of  teaching effectiveness of e-learning on
tertiary institution in Nigeria
Hypothesis
II
Ho:
   Computer and web competence acquire by
the teachers for utilization of e-learning 
has impact on student ‘academic performance.
Significance of the study
The
importance of investigating E-learning and teaching effectiveness in tertiary
institution in Nigeria.
The
work serves as a useful resource for students of education and the numerous
educators already on the field in the quest to effective educational
development of the nation. It will also help the teachers, examiners, school
administrators on the importance of E-learning and teaching effectiveness in a
tertiary institution.
It
also provides the education authority adequate knowledge of E-learning and
teaching effectiveness. The study will also assist students who may want to
carryout research on similar topic.
Delimitation of the Study
The research work examines
E- Learning and Teaching effectiveness in tertiary institution in Nigeria. (A
case study of computer Science and information and technology, Ekiti State
University, Ado Ekiti. 
Teaching effectiveness is important
because effective teaching helps student learning. It has become even more
important as the emphasis on quality in higher education has increased.
Effective teaching does not occur by chance. Effective teachers have become
good at what they do because they evaluate their practice.
Definition of the Terms
E-learning:
E-learning refers to the use of various kinds of
electronic media and information and communication technologies (ICT) in
education.
Teaching Effectiveness: When we talk about
teaching effectiveness, it’s usually in the context of evaluation. Student
ratings are frequently described as measures of teaching effectiveness, and
that makes our understanding of the term important.
Information
Technology:- Refers to the use of
information system apparatus to process and disseminate information or data. It
plays a major role in the performance of cooperate organization in Nigeria.
 Network
System:-
It is having a certain number of computer and intelligent
peripherals interconnected for the purpose of sharing of sources and exchange
of information.
Local
Area Network:-
(LAN):- This is a network of computers
with different officers but in the same environment or building
Internet:-
This  is an acronym of internetworking
system, it is a process of packing and transmitting data, text and voice or
video information among users. It is the ability of two independent users to
communicate over internet using combination of technologies such as MODEMS. LANs, Satellites etc.
E.-mail:-
This is an abbreviation of electronic mail. It means letter and document typed
or scanned in one office is deliver quickly to another office irrespective of
its distance.

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