EFFECT OF CONVENTIONAL READING ON STUDENTS ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE IN ENGLISH COMPREHENSION IN SECONDARY SCHOOLS
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title
Page
Page
Certification
Approval
Page
Page
Dedication
Acknowledgement
Abstract
Table
of Contents
of Contents
CHAPTER
ONE
ONE
Introduction
Background of the Study
Statement
of the Problem
of the Problem
Purpose
of the Study
of the Study
Significance
of the Study
of the Study
Scope
of the Study
of the Study
Research
Questions
Questions
Assumption
of the Study
of the Study
CHAPTER
TWO
TWO
Review of Literature
Mother
Tongue Inference
Tongue Inference
interference in Pronunciation
The
Teaching Method and Qualification of Teacher
Teaching Method and Qualification of Teacher
Background
of Reading Development
of Reading Development
The Educational System and Reading
Method
of Teaching
of Teaching
Provision
of Materials
of Materials
Parents’
Contribution
Contribution
CHAPTER
THREE
THREE
Research Methodology
Area of the Study
Population
of the Study
of the Study
Sample
of the Study
of the Study
Instrument
for Data Collection
for Data Collection
Validation
of Instrument
of Instrument
Reliability
of the Instrument
of the Instrument
Administration
of Instrument and Data Collection
of Instrument and Data Collection
Method
of Data Analysis
of Data Analysis
CHAPTER FOUR
Results
and Discussion
and Discussion
Discussion
CHAPTER
FIVE
FIVE
Summary, Conclusion and
Recommendations
Recommendations
Summary
Conclusion
and Recommendations
and Recommendations
Suggestions
for futher studies
for futher studies
REFERENCES
APPENDIX
ABSTRACT
This project work was undertaken to effect
of conventional reading on students academic performance in English
comprehension in secondary schools in ikere local government of Ekiti State.
The sampling, comprising of some selected senior secondary school in Ikere
Local Government. The student and the teacher were selected randomly in various
senior secondary schools in Ikere Local Government Area of Ekiti State. The
questionnaire was personally administered on (25) twenty five teachers in
senior secondary schools in Ikere Local Government Area of Ekiti State. The effect of conventional reading
on students’ academic performance in English language at secondary schools in
Ikere local government area of Ekiti State. The aim has been to persuade
everyone to do everything with our reach to effect change as far as reading
ability is concerned. We would have succeeded if we all do whatever we can. It
is only then that we will able to predict that, in time with the concerted
effort of all of us the conventional reading
will improve at senior secondary schools of educational level within the
zone, the state and the nation at large
of conventional reading on students academic performance in English
comprehension in secondary schools in ikere local government of Ekiti State.
The sampling, comprising of some selected senior secondary school in Ikere
Local Government. The student and the teacher were selected randomly in various
senior secondary schools in Ikere Local Government Area of Ekiti State. The
questionnaire was personally administered on (25) twenty five teachers in
senior secondary schools in Ikere Local Government Area of Ekiti State. The effect of conventional reading
on students’ academic performance in English language at secondary schools in
Ikere local government area of Ekiti State. The aim has been to persuade
everyone to do everything with our reach to effect change as far as reading
ability is concerned. We would have succeeded if we all do whatever we can. It
is only then that we will able to predict that, in time with the concerted
effort of all of us the conventional reading
will improve at senior secondary schools of educational level within the
zone, the state and the nation at large
CHAPTER
ONE
ONE
INTRODUCTION
Background of the Study
Education is the greatest
tool for the development of any nation, the major objectives of sending our
children to school is to help them learn some basic concepts, skills, knowledge
and beliefs necessary for the development of some specific goals. Observations
have shown that in even level of schooling whether at the primary, secondary or
tertiary level of education, there are basic facilities which make it possible
for the school to attain her desired goals school facilities can also be
referred to as school plant.
tool for the development of any nation, the major objectives of sending our
children to school is to help them learn some basic concepts, skills, knowledge
and beliefs necessary for the development of some specific goals. Observations
have shown that in even level of schooling whether at the primary, secondary or
tertiary level of education, there are basic facilities which make it possible
for the school to attain her desired goals school facilities can also be
referred to as school plant.
According to Costaldi (2007), school
facilities are those materials of education which enables a skillful teacher to
achieve a level of instructional effectiveness that exceeds what is possible,
when they are not provided, the materials of education or educational
facilities are numerous, whatever materials or services that helps to
facilitate teaching and learning fall under the term school facilities. They
consist of land, buildings, playground, school farm, laboratories, libraries,
assembly hall, classrooms, workshops, audio visual aids (radio sets, video
sets, tapes) slide projectors and slide flip charts etc. graphics (charts,
posters, pictures) photographs, cartoons, graphs maps etc.) display materials
chalkboard, flannel boards, magnetic boards and many others.
facilities are those materials of education which enables a skillful teacher to
achieve a level of instructional effectiveness that exceeds what is possible,
when they are not provided, the materials of education or educational
facilities are numerous, whatever materials or services that helps to
facilitate teaching and learning fall under the term school facilities. They
consist of land, buildings, playground, school farm, laboratories, libraries,
assembly hall, classrooms, workshops, audio visual aids (radio sets, video
sets, tapes) slide projectors and slide flip charts etc. graphics (charts,
posters, pictures) photographs, cartoons, graphs maps etc.) display materials
chalkboard, flannel boards, magnetic boards and many others.
In one sense, we are
being educated all the time, to the extent that everything that happens to us
may bring about some changes in the way we feel, think, act, and obviously the
way we speak. We learn from the things we hear, from the circumstances in which
we live, the people we meet, ideas in books or papers. Infact everything that
surrounds us and of which we experience is educating us and our children all
the time.
being educated all the time, to the extent that everything that happens to us
may bring about some changes in the way we feel, think, act, and obviously the
way we speak. We learn from the things we hear, from the circumstances in which
we live, the people we meet, ideas in books or papers. Infact everything that
surrounds us and of which we experience is educating us and our children all
the time.
For the process of
education to function effectively, the school curriculum is taken into
consideration. Therefore, curriculum is the term used to indicate a group of
subjects or field of study arranged in a particular sequence. According to
Anwuka, A.G. 2005, (2004).
Curriculum is the selection of subjects in the school, organization and
administration of a body of subject matter designed to lead the pupil on the
same definite life objective.
education to function effectively, the school curriculum is taken into
consideration. Therefore, curriculum is the term used to indicate a group of
subjects or field of study arranged in a particular sequence. According to
Anwuka, A.G. 2005, (2004).
Curriculum is the selection of subjects in the school, organization and
administration of a body of subject matter designed to lead the pupil on the
same definite life objective.
In spite of the fact
that so many aspects of man’s knowledge compete today for inclusion as subjects
in the school curriculum, at least one modern language continues to maintain
the right to a place in the secondary school curriculum. All those who believe
that the study of a modern language other than one’s own has an important part
to play in the development of the adolescent, a part which perhaps today were
even more essential than in the past, are content that this should be so. It
has been observed that in the theory and practices whenever circumstances
allow. The advantages inherent in such a study are beneficial to children in
secondary schools.
that so many aspects of man’s knowledge compete today for inclusion as subjects
in the school curriculum, at least one modern language continues to maintain
the right to a place in the secondary school curriculum. All those who believe
that the study of a modern language other than one’s own has an important part
to play in the development of the adolescent, a part which perhaps today were
even more essential than in the past, are content that this should be so. It
has been observed that in the theory and practices whenever circumstances
allow. The advantages inherent in such a study are beneficial to children in
secondary schools.
Language
according to Webster’s Encyclopedia unabridged Dictionary of English language.
Is the body of wards and same community or nation, the same geographical area or
the same cultural tradition.
according to Webster’s Encyclopedia unabridged Dictionary of English language.
Is the body of wards and same community or nation, the same geographical area or
the same cultural tradition.
Language is human
speech either spoken or written. Whenever there is a human society, there is
language. Most forms of human activity depend on the co-operation of two or
more persons. A common language enables human beings to work together in an
infinite variety or ways.
speech either spoken or written. Whenever there is a human society, there is
language. Most forms of human activity depend on the co-operation of two or
more persons. A common language enables human beings to work together in an
infinite variety or ways.
Bragg, Melvyn (2004) argues
that human language is built on a biological based that is present in other
primates and that both humans and animals have innate neural mechanisms which
are matched to their respective sound producing mechanisms. Yet most linguists
will readily agree that only human’s have language proper and that the
possession of language put humans at considerable advantages compared with
other species.
that human language is built on a biological based that is present in other
primates and that both humans and animals have innate neural mechanisms which
are matched to their respective sound producing mechanisms. Yet most linguists
will readily agree that only human’s have language proper and that the
possession of language put humans at considerable advantages compared with
other species.
English
is one of the major languages, out of 5000 estimated language spoken in the
world. About 200 years ago, English was simply the language of less than 15
million peoples. Today, however, English is used by more than 300 million
peoples and second only to Chinese as regards the number of people using a
particular language. English is one of the most influential and fast growing
language spoken across the globe.
is one of the major languages, out of 5000 estimated language spoken in the
world. About 200 years ago, English was simply the language of less than 15
million peoples. Today, however, English is used by more than 300 million
peoples and second only to Chinese as regards the number of people using a
particular language. English is one of the most influential and fast growing
language spoken across the globe.
One
fifth of the earth’s land surface used English either as native tongue or
official language of the entire world’s languages, English is the most widely
studied language; especially in areas where it is not native. Today, English is
used in several countries in the American continent including the United States
of America and Canada, Republic of countries in the West African subcontinent.
Though English was actually the language of colonization in these countries,
like India colonized territories.
fifth of the earth’s land surface used English either as native tongue or
official language of the entire world’s languages, English is the most widely
studied language; especially in areas where it is not native. Today, English is
used in several countries in the American continent including the United States
of America and Canada, Republic of countries in the West African subcontinent.
Though English was actually the language of colonization in these countries,
like India colonized territories.
In
other countries including Japan and china English as usually taught as cheat
foreign language. Equally about half of the world’s scientific and technical
journals, as well as newspapers, are printed in English. The spread of English
is further enhanced through the establishment of British council and United
States information service by the British and U.S governments respectively with
centers and libraries in various countries including Nigeria. All these factors
have therefore made it easy for anyone to understand and speaks English, and
moves around major cities in the world to communicate effectively with one
another.
other countries including Japan and china English as usually taught as cheat
foreign language. Equally about half of the world’s scientific and technical
journals, as well as newspapers, are printed in English. The spread of English
is further enhanced through the establishment of British council and United
States information service by the British and U.S governments respectively with
centers and libraries in various countries including Nigeria. All these factors
have therefore made it easy for anyone to understand and speaks English, and
moves around major cities in the world to communicate effectively with one
another.
According
to Anibueze, (2007), English language is a lingua Franca. As lingua franca, it
is the language for unification. It is highly established so that the people of
varied language will have purposes to relate together mutually and work in
union. For example, Hausa man may comfortably stay effectively speak with a
Yoruba man or Igbo man vice versa.
to Anibueze, (2007), English language is a lingua Franca. As lingua franca, it
is the language for unification. It is highly established so that the people of
varied language will have purposes to relate together mutually and work in
union. For example, Hausa man may comfortably stay effectively speak with a
Yoruba man or Igbo man vice versa.
The
English language had remained a very important tool for socialization and
bureaucratic activities in Nigeria, since the days of colonization. It was only
natural that emphasis was laid on spoken English only and either on written
English or both of them. However, with the emergence of a new class of people,
with time, the civil servants, and their new roles in colonial administration,
the teaching and learning of the language took another form.
English language had remained a very important tool for socialization and
bureaucratic activities in Nigeria, since the days of colonization. It was only
natural that emphasis was laid on spoken English only and either on written
English or both of them. However, with the emergence of a new class of people,
with time, the civil servants, and their new roles in colonial administration,
the teaching and learning of the language took another form.
Today,
English is the language for the international community, according to Emerson, Ralph Waldo (2006), the
English language is the most widely spoken language in the world. It is used as
either primary or secondary language in many countries. It is the language of
education, administration, law trade, international diplomacy as well as that
of cultural.
English is the language for the international community, according to Emerson, Ralph Waldo (2006), the
English language is the most widely spoken language in the world. It is used as
either primary or secondary language in many countries. It is the language of
education, administration, law trade, international diplomacy as well as that
of cultural.
It
is, therefore worthwhile acquiring mastery of this very important language for
whosever does not, has deprived himself of access to the world’s brightest idea
modern technologies In Nigeria
today, English remains the language of pedagogy, students can hardly make
commendable progress in their studies without adequate mastery of English
through which most of the course in primary, secondary and tertiary
institutions are taught and examined.
is, therefore worthwhile acquiring mastery of this very important language for
whosever does not, has deprived himself of access to the world’s brightest idea
modern technologies In Nigeria
today, English remains the language of pedagogy, students can hardly make
commendable progress in their studies without adequate mastery of English
through which most of the course in primary, secondary and tertiary
institutions are taught and examined.
Language
teaching according to Oluikpe (2005) emphasizes that the basic criteria for
assessing student’s proficiency in writing and speaking are generally control
of the basic grammatical categories such as punctuations, tense, number,
gender, etc language teaching in Nigeria had fought with deficiencies. The
major reason for these deficiencies is our English teacher who are not well
trained only but are also non- professionals. And even if they are well
trained, their training is rooted into the work. A situation where a teacher of
the language has no mastery of its grammatical categories, as we see today does
not mean well for the system. Also on these problem facing language teaching, according
to Regner et al (2001) ascertained that “many good teacher are adaptive rather
than rigid in their approach to teaching children and only loosely base on
their instruction on a given method.
teaching according to Oluikpe (2005) emphasizes that the basic criteria for
assessing student’s proficiency in writing and speaking are generally control
of the basic grammatical categories such as punctuations, tense, number,
gender, etc language teaching in Nigeria had fought with deficiencies. The
major reason for these deficiencies is our English teacher who are not well
trained only but are also non- professionals. And even if they are well
trained, their training is rooted into the work. A situation where a teacher of
the language has no mastery of its grammatical categories, as we see today does
not mean well for the system. Also on these problem facing language teaching, according
to Regner et al (2001) ascertained that “many good teacher are adaptive rather
than rigid in their approach to teaching children and only loosely base on
their instruction on a given method.
Language
is the official medium of communication of humans; it is one of the things that
differentiate man from animals. Signs and symbols have no international
understanding and it may be difficult to understand picture, painting and
sculptures cannot be read by all. This makes language superior to all of them
because it is easily understand and generally used. According to Ozohils (2007)
language literally means the “tongue” a human organ used in speaking.
Traditionally, language is defined as system of arbitrary vocal symbols by
which thought are communicated from one to another.
is the official medium of communication of humans; it is one of the things that
differentiate man from animals. Signs and symbols have no international
understanding and it may be difficult to understand picture, painting and
sculptures cannot be read by all. This makes language superior to all of them
because it is easily understand and generally used. According to Ozohils (2007)
language literally means the “tongue” a human organ used in speaking.
Traditionally, language is defined as system of arbitrary vocal symbols by
which thought are communicated from one to another.
Chumbow 1984
asserted that attention has been draw before now to the poor state of language
development in general and reading in particular at the senior secondary school
level as well as in levels of education in Nigeria. The problem accentuated in
recent times perhaps by the massive students in take following the launching of
the universal primary education (UPE) programmes. But collectively, there has
been little concern for the problem of teaching and learning of reading at the senior
secondary schools level.
asserted that attention has been draw before now to the poor state of language
development in general and reading in particular at the senior secondary school
level as well as in levels of education in Nigeria. The problem accentuated in
recent times perhaps by the massive students in take following the launching of
the universal primary education (UPE) programmes. But collectively, there has
been little concern for the problem of teaching and learning of reading at the senior
secondary schools level.
The
burden of this study is on improving reading ability at senior secondary
schools level is to bring home to teachers, educators and parents that it is
imperative that we being to care about the state of reading in our senior
secondary schools for it is a matter that concerns everyone and from which we
cannot escape. This study discusses general and specific problems in the
Nigeria language and cultural environment which impede the development of
reading ability at the senior secondary schools.
burden of this study is on improving reading ability at senior secondary
schools level is to bring home to teachers, educators and parents that it is
imperative that we being to care about the state of reading in our senior
secondary schools for it is a matter that concerns everyone and from which we
cannot escape. This study discusses general and specific problems in the
Nigeria language and cultural environment which impede the development of
reading ability at the senior secondary schools.
Statement
of the Problem
of the Problem
The problem of
this study is to find out effects of conventional reading on students’ academic
performance in English Language in English Comprehension in schools in Ikere
Local Government Area of Ekiti State
this study is to find out effects of conventional reading on students’ academic
performance in English Language in English Comprehension in schools in Ikere
Local Government Area of Ekiti State
The
most serious problem confronting learners of a language is that the language is
not widely used in their immediate environment. As a result, the learner has no
exposure to the language of his immediate environment has many teachers made up
of the people with whom he interacts daily. The second language learner has to
make up for out-of-school opportunities to learn.
most serious problem confronting learners of a language is that the language is
not widely used in their immediate environment. As a result, the learner has no
exposure to the language of his immediate environment has many teachers made up
of the people with whom he interacts daily. The second language learner has to
make up for out-of-school opportunities to learn.
In
most cases, teachers who teach second language are themselves not native
speakers. So they neither speak the language fluently nor intelligently. But
they are not to be blamed because of the interference of the mother tongue.
most cases, teachers who teach second language are themselves not native
speakers. So they neither speak the language fluently nor intelligently. But
they are not to be blamed because of the interference of the mother tongue.
The
researcher, therefore, deemed it necessary to find out the effects of conventional
reading on student’s performance in senior secondary school
researcher, therefore, deemed it necessary to find out the effects of conventional
reading on student’s performance in senior secondary school
Purpose
of the Study
of the Study
There is the
need to find out the misuse of libraries and laboratories. It is especially
necessary to find out the effect of the environment in influencing the
upbringing of pupils in school towards improving the reading ability in
secondary school. There is also the need to find out the measure which have been put in place towards
the enhancement reading in secondary schools. It is important to examine the
causes of poor academic performance among student as a whole and how such
problems could be solved.
need to find out the misuse of libraries and laboratories. It is especially
necessary to find out the effect of the environment in influencing the
upbringing of pupils in school towards improving the reading ability in
secondary school. There is also the need to find out the measure which have been put in place towards
the enhancement reading in secondary schools. It is important to examine the
causes of poor academic performance among student as a whole and how such
problems could be solved.
Significant
of the Study
of the Study
The essence of
this research work is to investigate the effect of conventional reading on students’
academic performance in English language at secondary schools. It is hoped that
teachers would derive ways of helping students to overcome their problems. It
is equally hoped that this work would make educators, government and parents
realize their responsibilities in providing libraries and laboratories for use
in all schools. It is also hoped that the findings of this study would make it
possible for the teachers and parents to identify their roles in helping
students to learn on their own.
this research work is to investigate the effect of conventional reading on students’
academic performance in English language at secondary schools. It is hoped that
teachers would derive ways of helping students to overcome their problems. It
is equally hoped that this work would make educators, government and parents
realize their responsibilities in providing libraries and laboratories for use
in all schools. It is also hoped that the findings of this study would make it
possible for the teachers and parents to identify their roles in helping
students to learn on their own.
Finally,
it is hoped that by the time this study is completed the causes of students
poor performance in reading would be known and overcome.
it is hoped that by the time this study is completed the causes of students
poor performance in reading would be known and overcome.
Scope
of the Study
of the Study
This research is
going to be limited to three senior secondary school in Ikere Local Government
Area of Ekiti state.
going to be limited to three senior secondary school in Ikere Local Government
Area of Ekiti state.
The study is limited to
the availability of language laboratories, the qualifications of English
teachers and the teaching methods, the impact of the language laboratory on
student’s performance and finally the mother tongue interference.
the availability of language laboratories, the qualifications of English
teachers and the teaching methods, the impact of the language laboratory on
student’s performance and finally the mother tongue interference.
Research
Questions
Questions
1.
Do schools have well equipped libraries
and laboratories?
Do schools have well equipped libraries
and laboratories?
2.
Do students have good background?
Do students have good background?
3.
Is the environment conducive enough for
reading in order to comprehend?
Is the environment conducive enough for
reading in order to comprehend?
4.
Do English textbooks reduce the interest
of the students?
Do English textbooks reduce the interest
of the students?
5.
Does the upbringing of a child affect
student’s interest?
Does the upbringing of a child affect
student’s interest?
Assumption
of the Study
of the Study
It
is assumed that the findings from this study whether the hypothesis rejected
can be of importance to:
is assumed that the findings from this study whether the hypothesis rejected
can be of importance to:
·
The learners
The learners
·
The teachers
The teachers
·
The Education research.
The Education research.
HOW TO ORDER FOR COMPLETE PROJECT MATERIALSTEP 1
» Bank Branch Deposits, ATM/online transfers (Amount: ₦3,000 NGN)
 |
Bank: FIRST BANK Account Name: OMOOGUN TAIYE Account Number: 3116913871 Account Type: SAVINGS Amount: ₦3,000 AFTER PAYMENT, TEXT YOUR TOPIC AND VALID EMAIL ADDRESS TO 07064961036 OR 08068355992 OR Click Here |
 |
Bank: ACCESS BANK Account Name: OMOOGUN TAIYE Account Number: 0766765735 Account Type: SAVINGS Amount: ₦3,000 AFTER PAYMENT, TEXT YOUR TOPIC AND VALID EMAIL ADDRESS TO 07064961036 OR 08068355992 Click Here |
 |
Bank: HERITAGE BANK Account Name: OMOOGUN TAIYE Account Number: 1909068248 Account Type: SAVINGS Amount: ₦3,000 AFTER PAYMENT, TEXT YOUR TOPIC AND VALID EMAIL ADDRESS TO 07064961036 OR 08068355992 Click Here |